Jumping Spiders, scientifically known as Salticidae, is one of the most intriguing spider species found across Canada. With over 6,000 species worldwide, these small but mighty arachnids are known for their incredible leaping ability, keen eyesight, and unique hunting techniques. At IPM Pest Solutions, we explore the world of jumping spider in Canada, from the common bold jumping spider (Phidippus audax) to the tiny zebra jumping spider, helping you understand their behavior, habitat, and whether they pose any risks.
What Is a Jumping Spider?
Jumping spider belong to the Salticidae family, the largest group of spiders globally. Unlike other spiders that rely on webs to catch prey, jumping spider are active hunters, using their remarkable vision and agility to pounce on insects.
Key Features of Jumping Spider
- Exceptional Vision: They have four pairs of eyes, with the front pair providing sharp, binocular vision.
- Powerful Legs: Their strong back legs allow them to jump distances up to 50 times their body length.
- Vibrant Colors: Some species, like the bold jumping spider (Phidippus audax), have striking black and white markings.
- Non-Web Builders: They use silk only for safety lines or egg sacs, not for trapping prey.
Common Types of Jumping Spider in Canada
Canada is home to several jumping spider species, each with unique traits. Here are some of the most notable:
Bold Jumping Spider
- Appearance: Shiny black body with white or metallic green markings.
- Size: 8–15 mm (one of the biggest jumping spider in Canada).
- Habitat: Often found in gardens, forests, and occasionally inside homes.
Zebra Jumping Spider
- Appearance: Black with white stripes, resembling a zebra pattern.
- Size: 5–7 mm (a small jumping spider).
- Behavior: Common on fences, walls, and sunny outdoor surfaces.
Canadian Jumping Spiders
- Appearance: Reddish-brown with distinctive white and black markings.
Tiny Hopping Spider
- Size: Only 3–5 mm, making them one of the smallest jumping spider.
- Behavior: Often seen on the ground or low vegetation.
Are Jumping Spiders Harmful?
A common question is: “Are jumping spider harmful?” The answer is generally no.
Jumping Spider Bite: Rare and Mild
- Jumping spiders are not aggressive and rarely bite humans.
- If they do, the bite is similar to a mild bee sting—slight redness and irritation.
- They are not venomous enough to pose a serious threat.
Benefits of Jumping Spiders
- They help control pest populations by eating flies, mosquitoes, and other small insects.
- They are harmless to pets and children.
Jumping Spider Habitat and Behavior
Where Do Jumping Spider Live?
- Outdoors: Gardens, forests, and grassy fields.
- Indoors: Occasionally found near windows or light sources where prey is abundant.
- Regional Distribution: Found in Ontario, Quebec, Alberta, and BC.
Hunting Techniques
- Jumping spider stalk prey like tiny predators, using their excellent vision to track movement.
- They leap with precision, immobilizing prey with a quick bite.
Lifespan of Jumping Spider
- How long do jumping spider live? Typically 1–3 years, depending on species and environment.
How to Identify a Jumping Spider in Your Home
If you spot a small hopping spider indoors, look for:
Compact, fuzzy body
Large front eyes
Quick, jerky movements
Ability to jump rather than run
Common jumping spider in Ontario and other provinces include the bold jumper (Phidippus audax) and the zebra jumper.
Should You Remove Jumping Spiders?
Since jumping spider are beneficial and harmless, IPM Pest Solutions recommends:
- Leaving them alone if found outdoors.
- Gently relocating them outside if indoors (use a cup and paper).
- Avoiding pesticides, as they can harm these helpful predators.
Myths About Jumping Spiders
Jumping spider are dangerous.”
Fact: They are harmless and avoid humans.
They can fly or parachute.”
Fact: They jump but do not have wings—some young spiders use silk to “balloon” in the wind.
All small jumpy spiders are the same.”
Fact: Canada has multiple species, from the black and white jumping spider to the brown hopping spider.
Contact IPM Pest Solutions for Safe and Eco-Friendly Pest Advice
The jumping spider is a fascinating and beneficial creature that plays a vital role in controlling insect populations. While they may startle with their quick movements, they pose no real threat to humans. If you encounter a jumping spider in Canada, appreciate its role in nature or contact IPM Pest Solutions for safe and eco-friendly pest advice.
